If a train cannot start or raise its pantographs, what is the first step a driver must take?

To address the situation where a train cannot start or raise its pantographs, the first step that a driver must take is to stabilize the train. This action is crucial for ensuring safety before any further diagnosis or troubleshooting can occur. Stabilizing the train involves securing it in its current position to prevent any unintended movement, which is vital in preventing accidents, especially when the train is on an active track.

Once the train is stabilized, the driver can then proceed with further troubleshooting measures, such as checking onboard diagnostics or calling for maintenance support, knowing that the train is in a secure state. On the other hand, turning off the main power switch may not be appropriate as a first step since it could disable critical systems necessary for stabilization and assessment. Therefore, stabilizing the train is the most logical and safe action to take initially.